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DSA Intermediary Services

Intermediary Services according to the DSA – Transmission, Caching, Hosting, Online Platforms

Category Definition & Main Function Typical Business Models / Examples Duties
Mere Conduit Transmission of data or network access without altering, storing or influencing the content of the data
  • Internet Exchange Points (IXPs)
  • VPNs
  • DNS & Resolvers
  • Domain registry & registrars
  • Interpersonal communication services (e.g. VoIP)
  • Peering services
  • Internet Backbone services
  • ISPs
 General due diligence obligations for intermediary services
(Art. 11-15 DSA)
Caching Automatic temporary buffering to increase the efficiency of data transfer
  • Proxies
  • Reverse Proxies
  • Content Delivery Networks (CDN)
  • Application Delivery Controller (ADC)
  • Streaming / Edge Caching
  • Content Acceleration Services
  • Page-Caching (Server)
 General due diligence obligations for intermediary services
(Art. 11-15 DSA)
Hosting Storage and provision of content / applications for third parties on the Internet
  • Cloud Computing
  • Web Hosting
  • E-mail Hosting
  • Database Hosting
  • Streaming Hosting
  • Platform / Application / E-Commerce Hosting
  • File Hosting
  • General due diligence obligations
    (Art. 11-15 DSA)
+
  • Additional obligations
    (Art. 16-18 DSA)
Online Platforms Storage and public dissemination of information on behalf of users
  • Social networks
  • Online marketplaces
  • Booking platforms
  • Comparison platforms
  • General due diligence obligations
    (Art. 11-15 DSA)
+
  • Additional obligations
    (Art. 16-18 DSA)
+
  • Additional obligations
    (Art. 19-32 DSA)

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